今天刷到了一個(gè)這樣的短視頻，我尋思我是不是也可以寫一個(gè)類似的上課點(diǎn)名程序，想法經(jīng)不起等待，說寫就寫~

一．準(zhǔn)備工作

私信小編01即可獲取大量python學(xué)習(xí)資源

1.Tkinter

Tkinter 是 Python 內(nèi)置的 TK GUI 工具集。TK 是 Tcl 語言的原生 GUI 庫。作為 python 的圖形設(shè)計(jì)工具，它所使用的 Tcl 語言環(huán)境已經(jīng)完全嵌入到了 python 解釋器中。

我們使用Tkinter開發(fā)GUI界面。

2.PIL

PIL(Python Image Library)庫是Python語言的第三方庫，需要通過pip工具安裝。安裝PIL庫的方法如下，需要注意，安裝庫的名字是pillow。

PIL庫支持圖像儲存、顯示和處理，他能夠處理幾乎所有圖片格式，可以完成對圖像的縮放、剪裁、疊加以及向圖像添加線條、圖像和文字等操作。

使用PIL中的Image,ImageTk處理、引入一張圖片，可以使用下面代碼安裝一下。

pip install pillow

二．預(yù)覽

1.啟動

雙擊打開后，進(jìn)入軟件主界面，所有功能一目了然。程序會自動識別軟件目錄下的names.txt，將里面的名字導(dǎo)入。

2.開始點(diǎn)名-順序點(diǎn)名

選擇順序點(diǎn)名后，點(diǎn)擊開始，屏幕上就開始滾動出現(xiàn)人名，人名出現(xiàn)的概率是相同的，點(diǎn)擊停止，人名就停止?jié)L動，點(diǎn)名結(jié)束。

3.開始點(diǎn)名-隨機(jī)點(diǎn)名

點(diǎn)擊隨機(jī)點(diǎn)名，程序就會進(jìn)行隨機(jī)點(diǎn)名，人名出現(xiàn)的概率是隨機(jī)的。

4.手動加載人名單

可以自己手動選擇人名單，前提是人名單格式為txt，且每個(gè)名字占一行。

5.開始點(diǎn)名-順序點(diǎn)名-Pyqt5版本

用Pyqt5也寫了一個(gè)版本，實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯與TK版本相同，界面可能更好看了一些，但是文件大了許多，大家可以在后面總結(jié)部分自取。

三．思路

1.整體實(shí)現(xiàn)思路

2.點(diǎn)名實(shí)現(xiàn)思路

四．源代碼

point_names-GUI.py（主程序GUI）

import randomimport reimport timeimport threadingfrom tkinter import *from tkinter import ttkfrom base64 import b64decodefrom PIL import Image,ImageTkfrom tkinter import messageboxfrom tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename""""2021-11-10點(diǎn)名/抽獎程序主要亮點(diǎn)：1.兩種模式：①順序點(diǎn)名②隨機(jī)點(diǎn)名2.自動識別人名單3.支持手動導(dǎo)入人名單4.人名單導(dǎo)入校驗(yàn)5.人名顯示位置自動矯正6.最多顯示五個(gè)大字"""imgs=['./point_name.png']class APP: def __init__(self): self.root = Tk() self.running_flag=False #開始標(biāo)志 self.time_span=0.05 #名字顯示間隔 self.root.title('Point_name-V1.0') width = 680 height = 350 left = (self.root.winfo_screenwidth() - width) / 2 top = (self.root.winfo_screenheight() - height) / 2 self.root.geometry("%dx%d %d %d" % (width, height, left, top)) self.root.resizable(0,0) self.create_widget() self.set_widget() self.place_widget() self.root.mainloop() def create_widget(self): self.label_show_name_var=StringVar() self.label_show_name=ttk.Label(self.root,textvariable=self.label_show_name_var,font=('Arial', 100,"bold"),foreground = '#1E90FF') self.btn_start=ttk.Button(self.root,text="開始",) self.btn_load_names=ttk.Button(self.root,text="手動加載人名單",) self.lf1=ttk.LabelFrame(self.root,text="點(diǎn)名方式") self.radioBtn_var=IntVar() self.radioBtn_var.set(1) self.radioBtn_sequence=ttk.Radiobutton(self.lf1,text="順序點(diǎn)名",variable=self.radioBtn_var, value=1) self.radioBtn_random=ttk.Radiobutton(self.lf1,text="隨機(jī)點(diǎn)名",variable=self.radioBtn_var, value=2) self.label_show_name_num=ttk.Label(self.root,font=('Arial', 20),foreground = '#FF7F50') paned = PanedWindow(self.root) self.img = imgs img_=b'iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAALQAAAB4CAIAAADUhU qAAAACXBIWXMAAAsTAAALEwEAmpwYAAAgAElEQVR4nO196XNbx5Vvd9 LfSU2EgD3fRNJbZRkyVJseY9sP7scOy ZTCqpVKXm8/wp TA1X2amJjWZSXksy1Ik27IsWXIsRpK1kCIpLgBJkAAXrMQO3K3fh0O0rkBKkaONzvOJSwGBu3b/ uznNKaUoh/oyZB6bDHG2 RSD0/807mNmth7ql/ymbz8EyL2LvdbeH/bC245bk UHgQOSik8x8O85P0eHb5XX4pSSghRX7Pq nAwxhi 3zwWlFJFURBC7Dr3G68tv3/0UYYnZC91P8IYw3NSSjmO23zTv/okbPTYaz7NlXMXHJtf 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self.root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW',self.quit_window) self.root.bind('<Escape>',self.quit_window) if init_names: self.default_names=init_names #1.文件存在但是無內(nèi)容。2.文件不存在 self.label_show_name_num.config(text=f"一共加載了{(lán)len(self.default_names)}個(gè)姓名") else: self.btn_start.config(state=DISABLED) self.label_show_name_num.config(text=f"請先手動導(dǎo)入人名單！") def place_widget(self): self.lf1.place(x=300,y=160,width=250,height=50) self.radioBtn_sequence.place(x=20,y=0) self.radioBtn_random.place(x=150,y=0) self.btn_start.place(x=300,y=220,width=100,height=30) self.btn_load_names.place(x=450,y=220,width=100,height=30) self._img.place(x=90, y=165, height=120, width=180) self.label_show_name_num.place(x=300,y=260) def label_show_name_adjust(self,the_name): if len (the_name)==1: self.label_show_name.place(x=280, y=10) elif len(the_name) == 2: self.label_show_name.place(x=180, y=10) elif len(the_name) == 3: self.label_show_name.place(x=120, y=10) elif len(the_name) == 4: self.label_show_name.place(x=80, y=10) else: self.label_show_name.place(x=0, y=10) def start_point_name(self): """ 啟動之前進(jìn)行判斷，獲取點(diǎn)名模式 :return: """ if len(self.default_names)==1: messagebox.showinfo("提示",'人名單就一個(gè)人，不用選了！') self.label_show_name_var.set(self.default_names[0]) self.label_show_name_adjust(self.default_names[0]) return if self.btn_start["text"]=="開始": self.btn_load_names.config(state=DISABLED) self.running_flag=True if isinstance(self.default_names,list): self.btn_start.config(text="就你了") if self.radioBtn_var.get()==1: mode="sequence" elif self.radioBtn_var.get()==2: mode="random" else: pass self.thread_it(self.point_name_begin(mode)) else: messagebox.showwarning("警告","請先導(dǎo)入人名單！") else: self.running_flag=False self.btn_load_names.config(state=NORMAL) self.btn_start.config(text="開始") def point_name_begin(self,mode): """ 開始點(diǎn)名，點(diǎn)名主函數(shù) :param mode: :return: """ if mode == "sequence": if self.running_flag: self.always_ergodic() elif mode=="random": while True: if self.running_flag: random_choice_name=random.choice(self.default_names) self.label_show_name_var.set(random_choice_name) self.label_show_name_adjust(random_choice_name) time.sleep(self.time_span) else: break def always_ergodic(self): """ 一直遍歷此列表,使用死循環(huán)會造成線程阻塞 :return: """ for i in self.default_names: if self.running_flag: self.label_show_name_var.set(i) self.label_show_name_adjust(i) time.sleep(self.time_span) if i==self.default_names[-1]: self.always_ergodic() else: break def load_names(self): """ 手動加載txt格式人名單 :return: """ filename = askopenfilename( filetypes = [('文本文件', '.TXT'), ], title = "選擇一個(gè)文本文件", initialdir="./" ) if filename: names=self.load_names_txt(filename) if names: self.default_names=names no_Chinese_name_num=len([n for n in names if not self.load_name_check(n)]) if no_Chinese_name_num==0: pass else: messagebox.showwarning("請注意",f'導(dǎo)入名單有{no_Chinese_name_num}個(gè)不是中文名字') self.label_show_name_num.config(text=f"一共加載了{(lán)len(self.default_names)}個(gè)姓名") default_name_ = "會是誰？" self.label_show_name_var.set(default_name_) self.label_show_name_adjust(default_name_) self.btn_start.config(state=NORMAL) else: messagebox.showwarning("警告","導(dǎo)入失敗，請檢查！") def load_names_txt(self,txt_file): """ 讀取txt格式的人名單 :param txt_file: :return: """ try: with open(txt_file,'r',encoding="utf-8")as f: names=[name.strip() for name in f.readlines()] if len(names)==0: return False else: return names except: return False def load_name_check(self,name): """ 對txt文本中的人名進(jìn)行校驗(yàn) 中文漢字->True 非中文漢字->False :param name: :return: """ regex = r'[u4e00-u9fa5] ' if re.match(regex,name): return True else: return False def thread_it(self,func,*args): t=threading.Thread(target=func,args=args) t.setDaemon(True) t.start() def quit_window(self,*args): """ 程序退出觸發(fā)此函數(shù) :param args: :return: """ ret=messagebox.askyesno('退出','確定要退出？') if ret: self.root.destroy()if __name__ == '__main__': a=APP()

五．總結(jié)

本次使用Tkinter開發(fā)了一款上課點(diǎn)名程序，此程序可以用于點(diǎn)名、抽獎…代碼不到200行，程序簡單又實(shí)用，主要有以下六個(gè)亮點(diǎn)：

1.兩種模式：

• 順序點(diǎn)名
• 隨機(jī)點(diǎn)名

2.自動識別人名單

3.支持手動導(dǎo)入人名單

4.人名單導(dǎo)入校驗(yàn)

5.人名顯示位置自動矯正

6.最多顯示五個(gè)大字