工欲善其事，必先利其器。MATLAB、Mathematica和Maple并稱為三大數(shù)學(xué)軟件，是科學(xué)研究的得力工具，跟隨小編來簡(jiǎn)單了解一下這三個(gè)軟件吧！

MATLAB

MATLAB意為矩陣工廠（矩陣實(shí)驗(yàn)室），應(yīng)用范圍非常廣，包括信號(hào)和圖像處理、通訊、控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)、測(cè)試和測(cè)量、財(cái)務(wù)建模和分析以及計(jì)算生物學(xué)等眾多應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。

MATLAB包括擁有數(shù)百個(gè)內(nèi)部函數(shù)的主包和三十幾種工具包。工具包又可以分為功能性工具包和學(xué)科工具包。功能工具包用來擴(kuò)充MATLAB的符號(hào)計(jì)算，可視化建模仿真，文字處理及實(shí)時(shí)控制等功能。學(xué)科工具包是專業(yè)性比較強(qiáng)的工具包，控制工具包，信號(hào)處理工具包，通信工具包等都屬于此類。

MATLAB以矩陣作為基本數(shù)據(jù)單位，它有程序流控制、函數(shù)、數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)、輸入/輸出和面向?qū)ο缶幊痰忍厣Ｓ眠@種語言能夠方便快捷建立起簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)行快的程序，也能建立復(fù)雜的程序。圖形處理系統(tǒng)使得MATLAB能方便的圖形化顯示向量和矩陣，而且能對(duì)圖形添加標(biāo)注和打印。它包括強(qiáng)大的二維三維圖形函數(shù)、圖像處理和動(dòng)畫顯示等函數(shù)。它將數(shù)值分析、矩陣計(jì)算、科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)可視化以及非線性動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)的建模和仿真等諸多強(qiáng)大功能集成在一個(gè)易于使用的視窗環(huán)境中，在很大程度上擺脫了傳統(tǒng)非交互式程序設(shè)計(jì)語言的編輯模式。

MATLAB means matrix factory (matrix laboratory), with a wide range of applications, including signal and image processing, communication, control system design, test and measurement, financial modeling and analysis, and computational biology and many other application fields.

MATLAB includes a main package with hundreds of internal functions and more than thirty tool packages. Toolkits can be divided into functional toolkits and subject toolkits. The function toolkit is used to expand MATLAB's symbolic calculation, visual modeling and simulation, word processing and real-time control functions. Discipline toolkits are relatively professional toolkits. Control toolkits, signal processing toolkits, communication toolkits, etc. fall into this category.

MATLAB takes the matrix as the basic data unit. It has features such as program flow control, functions, data structure, input/output, and object-oriented programming. With this language, simple and fast programs can be established quickly and easily, as well as complex programs. The graphics processing system enables MATLAB to conveniently display vectors and matrices graphically, and to add annotations and printing to the graphics. It includes powerful 2D and 3D graphics functions, image processing and animation display functions. It integrates many powerful functions such as numerical analysis, matrix calculation, scientific data visualization, and modeling and simulation of nonlinear dynamic systems in an easy-to-use window environment, which largely gets rid of the traditional non-interactive programming language. Edit mode.

Mathematica

Mathematica很好地結(jié)合了數(shù)值和符號(hào)計(jì)算引擎、圖形系統(tǒng)、編程語言、文本系統(tǒng)、和與其他應(yīng)用程序的高級(jí)連接。很多功能在相應(yīng)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)處于世界領(lǐng)先地位，它也是使用最廣泛的數(shù)學(xué)軟件之一。Mathematica的發(fā)布標(biāo)志著現(xiàn)代科技計(jì)算的開始，它是世界上通用計(jì)算系統(tǒng)中最強(qiáng)大的系統(tǒng)。 利用Mathematica軟件可以完成許多數(shù)值計(jì)算與符號(hào)演算的工作。它可以做任意位精確度的數(shù)值計(jì)算，可以做有理式的各種演算，可以求有理式與超越方程的精確解，可以做一般表達(dá)式的向量與矩陣的各種運(yùn)算，可以求一般表達(dá)式的極限、導(dǎo)數(shù)積分以及冪級(jí)數(shù)展開，可以求解微分方程等等。Mathematica支持的語言包括：C、.NET、Java、SQL。支持軟件有以下幾個(gè)：OpenOffice、Microsoft Excel、MATLAB、R。另外，Mathematica可以在許多不同的平臺(tái)上運(yùn)行，包括：Linux、Apple的Mac OS X以及基于NT的Microsoft Windows。所有平臺(tái)都支持64位實(shí)現(xiàn)。在6.0.3之前的版本還支持其它操作系統(tǒng)，包括：Solaris、AIX、Convex、HP-UX、IRIX、MS-DOS、NeXTSTEP、OS/2、Ultrix和Windows Me.

Mathematica is a good combination of numerical and symbolic calculation engines, graphics systems, programming languages, text systems, and advanced connections with other applications. Many functions are in the world's leading position in the corresponding fields, and it is also one of the most widely used mathematical software. The release of Mathematica marks the beginning of modern scientific and technological computing, and it is the most powerful system in the world's general computing systems. Many numerical calculations and symbolic calculations can be done using Mathematica software. It can do numerical calculations with any degree of accuracy, can do various calculations of rational formulas, can find exact solutions of rational formulas and transcendental equations, can do various operations on vectors and matrices of general expressions, and can find general expressions The limit, derivative integral and power series expansion of, can solve differential equations and so on. The languages supported by Mathematica include: C, .NET, Java, SQL. The supporting software includes the following: OpenOffice, Microsoft Excel, MATLAB, R. In addition, Mathematica can run on many different platforms, including: Linux, Apple's Mac OS X, and NT-based Microsoft Windows. All platforms support 64-bit implementations. Versions prior to 6.0.3 also support other operating systems, including: Solaris, AIX, Convex, HP-UX, IRIX, MS-DOS, NeXTSTEP, OS/2, Ultrix and Windows Me.

Maple

Maple是目前世界上最為通用的數(shù)學(xué)和工程計(jì)算軟件之一，在數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)領(lǐng)域享有盛譽(yù)，有“數(shù)學(xué)家的軟件”之稱。Maple系統(tǒng)內(nèi)置高級(jí)技術(shù)解決建模和仿真中的數(shù)學(xué)問題，包括世界上最強(qiáng)大的符號(hào)計(jì)算、無限精度數(shù)值計(jì)算、創(chuàng)新的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接、強(qiáng)大的4GL語言等，內(nèi)置超過5000個(gè)計(jì)算命令，數(shù)學(xué)和分析功能覆蓋幾乎所有的數(shù)學(xué)分支，如微積分、微分方程、特殊函數(shù)、線性代數(shù)、圖像聲音處理、統(tǒng)計(jì)、動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)等。

Maple不僅僅提供編程工具，更重要的是提供數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)。Maple是教授、研究員、科學(xué)家、工程師、學(xué)生們必備的科學(xué)計(jì)算工具，從簡(jiǎn)單的數(shù)字計(jì)算到高度復(fù)雜的非線性問題，Maple都可以幫助您快速、高效地解決問題。用戶通過Maple產(chǎn)品可以在單一的環(huán)境中完成多領(lǐng)域物理系統(tǒng)建模和仿真、符號(hào)計(jì)算、數(shù)值計(jì)算、程序設(shè)計(jì)、技術(shù)文件、報(bào)告演示、算法開發(fā)、外部程序連接等功能，滿足各個(gè)層次用戶的需要。

Maple is currently one of the most common mathematics and engineering calculation software in the world. It enjoys a high reputation in the field of mathematics and science, and is known as the "software for mathematicians". The Maple system has built-in advanced technologies to solve mathematical problems in modeling and simulation, including the world’s most powerful symbolic calculations, infinite precision numerical calculations, innovative Internet connections, powerful 4GL language, etc., with more than 5000 built-in calculation commands, math and Analysis functions cover almost all branches of mathematics, such as calculus, differential equations, special functions, linear algebra, image and sound processing, statistics, dynamic systems, etc.

Maple not only provides programming tools, but more importantly, provides mathematical knowledge. Maple is an indispensable scientific calculation tool for professors, researchers, scientists, engineers, and students. From simple numerical calculations to highly complex nonlinear problems, Maple can help you solve problems quickly and efficiently. Through Maple products, users can complete multi-domain physical system modeling and simulation, symbolic calculation, numerical calculation, program design, technical documents, report presentation, algorithm development, external program connection and other functions in a single environment to meet the needs of users at all levels .

參考資料：百度百科、谷歌翻譯

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